Every auction record begins somewhere else: in a gallery, where an artist was first shown, first priced and first placed in a museum. The galleries are the primary market of the collecting world — and the least corporate institutions in it. Most have no chief executive, publish no revenue and answer to a founder whose name is on the door. This guide maps them as they actually are, titles and all.

The list covers 35 galleries in four sections: the eight global mega-galleries; the international majors of London, Paris, Brussels, Milan, Berlin, New York and Seoul; the independent majors of the United States and Berlin; and the worldwide houses of Latin America, the Middle East and Asia. For each gallery: its ownership as it stands in late 2026, its leadership under the exact titles the gallery publishes — Founder, President, Partner, Chairwoman — what its programme is, which artists it represents in summary, where its rooms stand, which fairs it shows at, and how a collector walks in. Where a gallery publishes no artist count, no staff figure and no revenue, the entry says "not published" rather than estimating one. This guide sits in Auctions & Collecting for a simple reason: the gallery trade is the collecting ecosystem's primary market, and these are the houses that make the artists, the prices and, in time, the auction records.

THE YEAR OF SUCCESSIONS AND ONE FAREWELL TO THE MODEL ITSELF

Begin with the changes, because 2025 and 2026 rearranged the trade. Marian Goodman Gallery completed the succession its founder planned: Marian Goodman died aged 97, and the gallery she founded in 1977 is run by its five partners, Philipp Kaiser — President and Partner — at their head, from a new Tribeca headquarters opened in October 2024 and a Los Angeles gallery opened the year before. Gladstone Gallery continues under its founder's name after Barbara Gladstone's death in June 2024. Hauser & Wirth changed chief executive in 2024, Mirella Roma succeeding Ewan Venters beneath presidents Iwan Wirth and Marc Payot. And then there is BLUM: Tim Blum, who with Jeff Poe introduced Yoshitomo Nara and Takashi Murakami to America, renamed the gallery after Poe's departure in 2023, opened in Tribeca in 2024 — and in July 2025 announced he would leave the traditional gallery model altogether, closing Los Angeles and Tokyo and ending the formal roster. "This is not about the market," he said. "This is about the system." His entry in this guide prints the transition in full, because a thirty-year major stepping off the fair-and-openings treadmill is itself the primary-market story of the year.

The expansion map moved too. Perrotin opened inside Claridge's in London in March 2025, its ninth city. Thaddaeus Ropac opened in Milan's Palazzo Belgioioso in 2025. David Zwirner completed its Los Angeles buildings in May 2024. Pace, the oldest American mega-gallery, announced in 2026 that it would reduce its roster and staff and return to its historic strengths — the founder's phrase was "back to the future." Against all of it stand the deliberate counter-models this guide is careful to include at full rank: Xavier Hufkens, a top-tier roster run from Brussels alone; Regen Projects, one Los Angeles building for thirty-five years; Kukje Gallery, one Seoul street and the Dansaekhwa canon; Galeria Luisa Strina, founded in São Paulo in 1974 and still founder-led; and The Third Line, the Dubai gallery that carried the Middle East's artists to the world's fairs from a warehouse in Al Quoz.

HOW TO READ THE GUIDE

Three cautions, printed once here and applied in every entry. First, titles: galleries are not corporations. Only three galleries in this guide publish a chief executive in the corporate form — Pace, Hauser & Wirth and Lisson — so every other Leadership field prints the titles the gallery itself uses, and says plainly that no CEO title is published. Inventing one would be a small lie told 32 times. Second, artists: a roster is summarised, never dumped. Where a gallery publishes a count — Hauser & Wirth's over 90 artists and estates, Zwirner's some 80, White Cube's over 60 — the count is printed with its source; where it does not, the entry names a short marquee set and says the total is not published. Names drawn from exhibition history are flagged "programme," because showing an artist and representing an artist are different things. Third, access: every gallery in this guide is free to walk into, and that is not a courtesy but the model — the exhibition is public, the purchase is by enquiry, and for the most demanded artists allocation is a discipline one founder, Thaddaeus Ropac, has stated in public: collectors who flip works at auction do not buy again. The waiting list, where it exists, is a relationship, not a form.

THE GLOBAL MEGA-GALLERIES

1. GAGOSIAN — NEW YORK, UNITED STATES

Founded 1980 · Global mega-gallery · Worldwide

Ownership: Larry Gagosian, founder-owner — privately owned; no outside owner published; verified October 2026

Leadership: Larry Gagosian, Founder (owner-director). No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published by the gallery — named gap by structure; a Board of Directors, with internal and external members, was constituted by the gallery (house board biographies)

Programme: Modern and contemporary painting, sculpture, photography, installation and design (Frank Gehry and Marc Newson are represented as designers); historical programmes from Bacon, Calder and Giacometti to Picasso surveys

Artists: More than 100 artists and estates in the wider programme as published across house materials; the gallery's own About text names living artists including John Currin, Urs Fischer, Theaster Gates, Katharina Grosse, Andreas Gursky, Damien Hirst, Anselm Kiefer, Takashi Murakami, Albert Oehlen, Richard Prince, Ed Ruscha, Jenny Saville, Sarah Sze, Jeff Wall and Rachel Whiteread, and designers Frank Gehry and Marc Newson. Artist count as a single published total: not published in one figure — the house About text is printed instead

Locations: New York (Chelsea, Madison Avenue and other spaces); Beverly Hills; London (Mayfair and Davies Street); Paris and Le Bourget; Basel; Gstaad; Geneva; Rome; Athens; Hong Kong — 18 to 19 exhibition spaces as variously published by the house and TEFAF in 2024–26; the current house figure is printed in Scale

Art fairs: Art Basel (Basel, Miami Beach, Hong Kong, Paris), Frieze (London, New York, Los Angeles, Seoul), TEFAF (Maastricht and New York) and other major fairs, as published in the gallery's fair programme; online viewing rooms are timed to coincide with major fairs

Scale: More than 300 employees and 18 exhibition spaces (TEFAF exhibitor profile, 2026) / 19 spaces in house board materials — both published figures are printed with their sources; revenue: not published. A 2011 Wall Street Journal survey estimated annual sales of about $1bn — printed as a dated press estimate, not a house figure

Access: Exhibitions are free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases are by enquiry to the gallery — for high-demand artists, allocation and waiting-list practices apply in the market's usual form; the gallery does not publish a waiting-list policy, and none is asserted here

Website: gagosian.com · Contact: Gallery and location contacts and enquiry routes via gagosian.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — location lines are published per gallery; see contact route · Headquarters: 555 West 24th Street, New York, NY 10011, United States (Chelsea flagship); 980 Madison Avenue, New York (Upper East Side)

Founded by Larry Gagosian in Los Angeles in 1980; moved into New York at 980 Madison Avenue in 1989 and built the modern mega-gallery model — museum-scale spaces, a publishing house and a global fair and online programme. The archetype of the mega-gallery: the largest single-owner contemporary programme, architect-designed spaces on three continents, and a publishing and retail operation no rival matches in scale. Notes: Space count varies between house publications (18 in the 2026 TEFAF profile; 19 in board materials) — both are printed rather than reconciled. In 2026 the gallery returned to a ground-floor space at 980 Madison Avenue, its 1989 New York address (ARTnews, April 2026)

2. PACE GALLERY — NEW YORK, UNITED STATES

Founded 1960 · Global mega-gallery · Worldwide

Ownership: The Glimcher family — founder-owned; no outside controlling owner published; verified October 2026

Leadership: Arne Glimcher, Founder and Chairman (house biography); Marc Glimcher, President and Chief Executive Officer (the founder's son, the gallery's operating head in house and press sources). No other C-suite titles are published in the form a corporation would use — the founder/chairman and president/CEO titles are printed as published

Programme: Post-war and contemporary painting, sculpture, photography, Light and Space, installation and digital art; historic estates alongside living artists

Artists: The gallery publishes its roster artist by artist and gives no single total in sources checked — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names in the current programme include Lynda Benglis, Alexander Calder (estate), Agnes Martin (estate), Louise Nevelson (estate), Robert Rauschenberg, James Turrell, Yoshitomo Nara (past programme), Adam Pendleton, Kiki Smith and Antoni Tàpies (estate), as named in the house's Pace: 65 Years presentations (2025)

Locations: New York (540 and 510 West 25th Street, Chelsea, and 125 Newbury, Tribeca); Los Angeles; London; Geneva; Berlin (shared space with Galerie Judin, from 2025); Seoul; Tokyo — as listed in 2026 press coverage of the gallery. Hong Kong and Palo Alto spaces closed in 2022 (house/press)

Art fairs: Art Basel editions, Frieze editions and other major fairs — 'well more than a dozen art fairs' in the preceding year per Artnet's 2026 report of the house's programme

Scale: Locations and staff totals for 2026: not published as a single house figure in sources checked. In 2026 the gallery announced a programme refocusing — reducing its artist roster and staff and returning to its historic strengths (Artnet, 2026; see Notes)

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in at all locations. Purchases by enquiry; Pace Prints and editions are sold openly, primary works by allocation in the usual market form — no waiting-list policy is published, and none is asserted

Website: pacegallery.com · Contact: Location contacts, artist enquiries and press route via pacegallery.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — location lines are published per gallery; see contact route · Headquarters: 540 West 25th Street, New York, NY 10001, United States (headquarters)

Founded by Arne Glimcher, aged 22, in Boston in 1960 with his wife Milly and mother Eva; opened in New York in 1963 and became, over six decades, the American mega-gallery of post-war and contemporary art, headquartered since 2019 in its eight-storey Chelsea building. The longest-lived of the American mega-galleries under one family: founded 1960, still chaired by its founder, with the second generation running the business. Notes: 2025–26 changes are material and dated: the Berlin shared space and Pace Di Donna Schrader venture launched in 2025 and continue; the 2026 refocusing (roster and staff reductions) was reported by Artnet in June 2026 with the founder's 'back to the future' framing. Hong Kong (closed 2022) still appears in older listings — superseded

3. HAUSER & WIRTH — ZURICH, SWITZERLAND

Founded 1992 · Global mega-gallery · Worldwide

Ownership: The Wirth and Hauser families — family-owned; no outside controlling owner published; verified October 2026

Leadership: Iwan Wirth, President (co-founder); Manuela Wirth, co-founder; Marc Payot, Partner and President (joined 2000, house biography); Mirella Roma, Chief Executive Officer (appointed 2024, succeeding Ewan Venters, the gallery's first CEO, appointed 2020) — leadership verified October 2026

Programme: Contemporary and modern painting, sculpture, photography, film and installation; major 20th-century estates; design and craft presentations at the art centres

Artists: Over 90 artists and estates (Frieze gallery profile; house materials have variously published over 75, over 80 and over 100 — the Frieze figure is printed and the variance flagged in Notes). Marquee names include Mark Bradford, George Condo, Roni Horn, Rashid Johnson, Paul McCarthy, Pipilotti Rist, Lorna Simpson and Avery Singer, and the estates of Louise Bourgeois, Philip Guston and Jack Whitten

Locations: Zurich (three spaces); London; Somerset; Paris; Basel; Gstaad; St. Moritz; Monaco; Menorca; Chillida Leku (Spain); Hong Kong; New York (three Manhattan spaces); Los Angeles and West Hollywood — as published in house and reference listings, 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel and Frieze editions and TEFAF, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Locations: see footprint field. Staff and revenue: not published as dated house figures in sources checked, October 2026

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in; the art centres charge for some exhibitions and events as published per site. Purchases by enquiry in the usual primary-market form; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: hauserwirth.com · Contact: Location contacts and enquiries via hauserwirth.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — location lines are published per gallery; see contact route · Headquarters: Limmatstrasse 270, 8005 Zurich, Switzerland (Zurich gallery and Swiss headquarters city)

Founded in Zurich in 1992 by Iwan Wirth, Manuela Wirth and Ursula Hauser; joined in 2000 by Marc Payot. A family business that grew from Zurich into a global enterprise of galleries, art centres (Somerset, Menorca, Chillida Leku), publishing and hospitality-adjacent cultural projects. The gallery as cultural estate: no rival operates art centres of the Somerset, Menorca and Chillida Leku kind, where the exhibition is one element of a landscape, a farm, restaurants and a residency programme. Notes: Artist-count variance is a house-publication artefact (75/80/90/100 across years and profiles) — the guide prints the current Frieze-profile figure and names the variance rather than selecting silently. CEO succession: Ewan Venters (2020) to Mirella Roma (2024)

4. DAVID ZWIRNER — NEW YORK, UNITED STATES

Founded 1993 · Global mega-gallery · Worldwide

Ownership: David Zwirner, founder-owner — privately owned; no outside owner published; verified October 2026

Leadership: David Zwirner, Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published by the gallery — named gap by structure; senior partners run locations and the programme (house materials). The founder title is printed as published

Programme: Contemporary and modern painting, sculpture, photography, drawing and installation; post-war estates (Flavin, Judd, Neel, Sandback among them)

Artists: Some 80 artists and estates (the gallery's 30th-anniversary materials, 2023–24, say 'some eighty extraordinary artists and estates'). Marquee names include Luc Tuymans, Neo Rauch, Marlene Dumas, Yayoi Kusama, Jeff Koons, Kerry James Marshall, Alice Neel (estate), Dan Flavin (estate), Donald Judd (estate), Gerhard Richter presentations, Dana Schutz and Lisa Yuskavage

Locations: New York (Chelsea, West 19th and 20th Streets, and Upper East Side); Los Angeles (opened May 2024); London; Paris (108 rue Vieille du Temple, the former Yvon Lambert space, opened 2019); Hong Kong — twelve distinct spaces across five cities in the gallery's 30th-anniversary count

Art fairs: Art Basel and Frieze editions and TEFAF New York, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Twelve spaces across five cities (house, 2024). Staff and revenue: not published

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; online viewing rooms publish selected prices. No waiting-list policy is published

Website: davidzwirner.com · Contact: inquiries@davidzwirner.com (published on the house site) and location contacts via davidzwirner.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: 525 West 19th Street, New York, NY 10011, United States (Chelsea flagship)

Opened by David Zwirner in February 1993 at 43 Greene Street, SoHo, with a Franz West exhibition; moved to Chelsea in 2002 and grew into a multi-city gallery with a major books arm, all of its spaces designed by Annabelle Selldorf. The scholar-dealer's mega-gallery: founded on risky, difficult programmes (Rhoades, Thater, Douglas in year one) and still defined by exhibition-making and books rather than by luxury adjacencies. Notes: Los Angeles buildings completed and opened in May 2024 for the 30th-anniversary exhibition — older location lists without Los Angeles are superseded

5. WHITE CUBE — LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM

Founded 1993 · Global mega-gallery · Worldwide

Ownership: Jay Jopling, founder-owner — privately owned; verified October 2026

Leadership: Jay Jopling, Founder (owner). No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published by the gallery in sources checked — named gap by structure; senior directors run locations and the programme as published on the house site

Programme: Contemporary painting, sculpture, photography, film and installation; the YBA generation alongside international mid-career and senior artists

Artists: Over 60 international artists and estates (house profile). Marquee names include Tracey Emin, Antony Gormley, Damien Hirst (exhibited; representation as published per artist), Andreas Gursky, Mona Hatoum, Sarah Morris, Gabriel Orozco (inaugural Mason's Yard exhibition), Hiroshi Sugimoto and Cerith Wyn Evans — printed as programme names, with representation status per the house artist pages

Locations: London (Mason's Yard; Bermondsey); Paris (10 avenue Matignon); New York (1002 Madison Avenue, opened October 2023); Hong Kong (Central); Seoul (opened 2023) — as published 2026. São Paulo closed 2015 and West Palm Beach at the end of 2023

Art fairs: Art Basel and Frieze editions, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Galleries in five cities (house profile, 2026). Staff and revenue: not published

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry in the usual primary-market form; editions are sold openly online. No waiting-list policy is published

Website: whitecube.com · Contact: Location contacts and enquiries via whitecube.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — location lines are published per gallery; see contact route · Headquarters: 144–152 Bermondsey Street, London SE1 3TQ, United Kingdom (White Cube Bermondsey)

Founded by Jay Jopling in May 1993 as a single small room at 44 Duke Street, St James's — an artist could exhibit only once — and made its name giving first one-person shows to the Young British Artists; Hoxton Square (2000–2012), Mason's Yard (2006) and Bermondsey (2011–12) followed. The white cube as brand: Jopling's 1993 one-room, one-show rule became the display grammar of contemporary art worldwide, and Bermondsey remains one of the largest commercial gallery spaces in Europe. Notes: New York (2023) and Seoul (2023) openings and the West Palm Beach closure (end 2023) post-date many reference listings; the footprint above is the 2026 position as published

6. LISSON GALLERY — LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM

Founded 1967 · Global mega-gallery · Worldwide

Ownership: Nicholas Logsdail, founder and co-owner, with his son Alex Logsdail, co-owner — family ownership; verified October 2026

Leadership: Nicholas Logsdail, Founder and co-owner; Alex Logsdail, Chief Executive Officer and co-owner (house and reference biographies). Galleries rarely publish a fuller C-suite; no other executive title is asserted

Programme: Minimalism and Conceptual art and their legacies; British sculpture; contemporary painting, film, photography and installation across generations

Artists: Nearly 80 artists (current reference listing) / more than 60 international artists in the gallery's own standing text — both published figures are printed; the variance is flagged in Notes. Marquee names include Marina Abramović, Ai Weiwei, Anish Kapoor, Richard Long, Julian Opie, Laure Prouvost, Sean Scully and Hiroshi Sugimoto, and historically Carl Andre, Donald Judd and Sol LeWitt

Locations: London (Bell Street and Lisson Grove spaces); New York (two West 24th Street spaces); Los Angeles (Sycamore Avenue, opened 2023); Shanghai; Beijing — as published 2026. Milan (2011) is historical

Art fairs: Art Basel and Frieze editions and TEFAF, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Five cities (house, 2026). Staff: about 80 people in 2017 anniversary coverage — dated, printed as such. Revenue: not published

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry in the usual form; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: lissongallery.com · Contact: Location contacts and enquiries via lissongallery.com · Phone: +44 20 7724 2739 (London, house listings) — printed as published in gallery directories; a single HQ line is not published on the house site checked · Headquarters: 67 Lisson Street / Bell Street, Lisson Grove, London NW1, United Kingdom (London flagship area; full address as published per location on the house site)

Founded by Nicholas Logsdail in April 1967 on Bell Street, Lisson Grove, London — one of the pioneering galleries for Minimalism and Conceptual art (Andre, Buren, Judd, LeWitt, Long, Ryman) and, in the 1980s, for the New British Sculptors. The longest-running international contemporary gallery in this guide still under its founder's family — 1967 to the present, from LeWitt to Abramović, without a change of name or ownership. Notes: Artist-count variance (60-plus in house text; nearly 80 in the current Wikipedia summary of the roster) is printed openly. Alex Logsdail's CEO title resolves older sources that list only the founder

7. PERROTIN — PARIS, FRANCE

Founded 1990 · Global mega-gallery · Worldwide

Ownership: Emmanuel Perrotin, founder-owner — privately owned; in 2024 the gallery announced an investment partnership reported in the press (a minority investment by Colony IM and the Dassault family's holding, reported 2024) — the founder remains the gallery's named head; the entry prints the reported investment as press-reported, not as a change of control

Leadership: Emmanuel Perrotin, Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure; partners and location directors are published per gallery (for example Peggy Leboeuf, Partner, in house materials; Rowena Chiu appointed Director of the new London gallery, 2025)

Programme: Contemporary painting, sculpture, photography and installation across some thirty nationalities; historic figures (Soulages, Hartung, Park Seo-Bo) alongside pop and street-inflected programmes (Murakami, JR, Daniel Arsham)

Artists: About 70 artists represented and some 30 collaborators, plus six estates in the ADAA count (more than 60 artists and six estates) — both published counts printed. Marquee names include Takashi Murakami, Maurizio Cattelan, Sophie Calle, JR, Daniel Arsham, Jean-Michel Othoniel, Bharti Kher and Pierre Soulages (estate programme)

Locations: Paris (Marais — rue de Turenne and impasse Saint-Claude — and avenue Matignon); Hong Kong; New York (Orchard Street); Seoul; Tokyo; Shanghai; Los Angeles (opened February 2024); Dubai (opened November 2022); London (Claridge's, Brook's Mews, opened March 2025) — nine cities, about 8,500 sq m in the Frieze profile

Art fairs: More than 20 fairs a year including Art Basel (Basel, Paris, Miami Beach, Hong Kong), Frieze (London, New York, Los Angeles, Seoul), TEFAF New York, ARCO Madrid and Art Dubai (Frieze gallery profile)

Scale: Nine cities, about 8,500 sq m total, about 45 exhibitions a year, 20-plus fairs (Frieze/ADAA profiles, 2025–26). Staff and revenue: not published

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in; bookstores and editions are open retail. Primary purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: perrotin.com · Contact: Location contacts and enquiries via perrotin.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line — location lines are published per gallery (London +44 20 3334 8970 in the Frieze profile); see contact route · Headquarters: 76 rue de Turenne, 75003 Paris, France (Perrotin Marais, Paris headquarters flagship)

Founded by Emmanuel Perrotin in 1990, aged 21; the Paris gallery that launched Maurizio Cattelan and sustained Takashi Murakami for more than twenty years, then expanded early into Asia (Hong Kong 2012, Seoul 2016) and, in 2025, into London. The showman-dealer's empire: Cattelan's banana at Art Basel Miami Beach (2019) and MSCHF's ATM (2022) are Perrotin presentations — spectacle used, deliberately, as a distribution channel for a serious roster. Notes: London opened in March 2025 inside Claridge's — listings without London are superseded. The reported 2024 minority investment is flagged as press-reported; no change of control has been published by the gallery

8. THADDAEUS ROPAC — SALZBURG, AUSTRIA

Founded 1983 · Global mega-gallery · Europe and Asia

Ownership: Thaddaeus Ropac, founder-owner — privately owned; verified October 2026

Leadership: Thaddaeus Ropac, Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure; executive directors run the locations as published on the house site

Programme: Contemporary painting, sculpture, photography and installation, with a particular strength in German-speaking canonical artists and major American estates

Artists: Over 70 artists (current house About text; earlier house text said over 60 — the current figure is printed). Marquee names include Georg Baselitz, Anselm Kiefer, Donald Judd (estate presentations), Alex Katz, Robert Rauschenberg (estate), James Rosenquist (estate), VALIE EXPORT, Imi Knoebel and Not Vital, as published in house and ArtReview materials

Locations: Salzburg (Villa Kast, Mirabellplatz, and Salzburg Halle); Paris (Marais, rue Debelleyme, and Pantin, avenue du Général Leclerc); London (Ely House, Dover Street); Milan (Palazzo Belgioioso, opened 2025); Seoul (Hannam-dong, Fort Hill building) — seven spaces, 12,000 sq m in total (house)

Art fairs: All major international art fairs, in the house's own formulation — Art Basel and Frieze editions and TEFAF among them, as published

Scale: Seven spaces, 12,000 sq m, over 40 exhibitions a year (house About, 2026). Staff and revenue: not published

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; the founder has stated publicly that collectors who flip works at auction cannot buy again — the market's most openly stated allocation discipline, printed here as his published position (Talking Galleries keynote, reported by Artnet)

Website: ropac.net · Contact: Location contacts and enquiries via ropac.net · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house About pages checked — location lines are published per gallery; see contact route · Headquarters: Mirabellplatz 2, 5020 Salzburg, Austria (Villa Kast, Salzburg)

Founded by Thaddaeus Ropac in Salzburg in 1983 (a first gallery in Lienz in 1981 precedes it in the founder's own account); Paris Marais followed in 1990, the Pantin factory space in 2012, London's Ely House in 2017, Seoul in 2021 and Milan in 2025. The European court gallery: historic rooms — a Mayfair bishop's mansion, a Mirabell Gardens villa, a Pantin ironworks — filled with the German-speaking canon and American estates, from a Salzburg base no rival mega-gallery shares. Notes: Milan (Palazzo Belgioioso, 2025) is the newest space — listings ending at Seoul are superseded. Artist count rose from over 60 to over 70 between house texts; the current About figure is printed

INTERNATIONAL MAJORS

9. MARIAN GOODMAN GALLERY — NEW YORK, UNITED STATES

Founded 1977 · International major · North America and Europe

Ownership: A partnership of the gallery's five partners under the founder's succession plan — partnership ownership; verified October 2026

Leadership: Philipp Kaiser, President and Partner; Rose Lord and Emily-Jane Kirwan, Managing Partners; Leslie Nolen and Junette Teng, Partners (the five-partner structure described by Kaiser in published interviews). Marian Goodman, Founder (died aged 97, reported 2026 — see Notes). No corporate CEO title is used; the President and Partner title is printed as published

Programme: Conceptual and post-conceptual art, Arte Povera, film, photography, sculpture and painting — the European post-war canon in dialogue with American and global contemporary practice

Artists: The gallery publishes its roster artist by artist; a single total is not published in sources checked — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Giovanni Anselmo, John Baldessari (estate programme), Thomas Demand, Tacita Dean, William Kentridge, Steve McQueen, Gabriel Orozco, Gerhard Richter (historic programme), Tino Sehgal, Tavares Strachan and the Holt/Smithson Foundation (Robert Smithson representation announced by the house)

Locations: New York (385 Broadway, Tribeca — headquarters from October 2024); Paris (79 and 66 rue du Temple, Marais, with bookshop); Los Angeles (opened September 2023) — as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel and Frieze editions, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Three cities (house, 2026). Staff and revenue: not published

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry in the usual form; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: mariangoodman.com · Contact: Location contacts and enquiries via mariangoodman.com · Phone: +1 212 977 7160 (New York, published in gallery directories) · Headquarters: 385 Broadway, New York, NY 10013, United States (Grosvenor Building, Tribeca)

Founded by Marian Goodman in New York in late 1977 — after co-founding the publishers Multiples, Inc. — to show Marcel Broodthaers and the European artists American galleries would not; Paris followed in 1995, Los Angeles in September 2023, and the move of the New York headquarters to the Grosvenor Building in Tribeca in October 2024. The conscience of the primary market: a gallery built, for nearly fifty years, on introducing difficult European art to America and keeping artists for decades — its succession to a five-partner collective is the model its peers cite. Notes: Founder succession is the 2025–26 fact of this entry: Marian Goodman died aged 97 (obituaries reported 2026); the gallery had already passed to its partners — Kaiser as President and Partner — and the Tribeca and Los Angeles openings were partner-led. Sources naming Marian Goodman as the gallery's current operating head are superseded

10. GLADSTONE GALLERY — NEW YORK, UNITED STATES

Founded 1980 · International major · North America and Europe

Ownership: The gallery as continued after its founder's death — ownership structure in its post-2024 form: not published in full in sources checked, October 2026 — named gap, stated plainly

Leadership: Barbara Gladstone, Founder (died June 2024, aged 89, reported by ARTnews and The Art Newspaper). Current operating leadership titles in the post-founder form: the gallery publishes its senior team artist- and location-side; a single CEO or president title for the whole gallery was not published in sources checked — named gap. The entry prints the succession fact rather than a promoted name

Programme: Contemporary painting, sculpture, photography, film and installation; Pictures Generation and post-conceptual programmes

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names in the published programme include Matthew Barney, Shirin Neshat, Anicka Yi, Keith Haring presentations and the estates and foundations the house lists on its artist pages

Locations: New York (Chelsea, West 21st and West 24th Streets, and Upper East Side); Brussels; Seoul presentations in recent programme listings — permanent spaces as published on the house site, 2026: New York and Brussels are the standing galleries

Art fairs: Art Basel and Frieze editions, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — the gallery publishes no staff or revenue figure in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: gladstonegallery.com · Contact: Location contacts and enquiries via gladstonegallery.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: 515 West 24th Street, New York, NY 10011, United States (Chelsea gallery)

Founded by Barbara Gladstone in New York in 1980; built in Chelsea and Brussels into a gallery of museum-scale contemporary programmes, known for long relationships with artists of the Pictures Generation and after. A founder-built Chelsea institution that continued, without a name change or a sale, past its founder's death in 2024 — succession handled as continuity, in the house's public posture. Notes: The post-2024 leadership disclosure gap is named, not filled: obituary and house sources establish the founder's death and the gallery's continuation, not a successor's corporate title

11. SADIE COLES HQ — LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM

Founded 1997 · International major · United Kingdom and Worldwide

Ownership: Sadie Coles, founder-owner — privately owned; verified October 2026

Leadership: Sadie Coles, Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure

Programme: Contemporary painting, sculpture, photography, film and performance-adjacent work, with strength in British and American artists of the 1990s generation onward

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Sarah Lucas, John Currin (programme), Wilhelm Sasnal, Ugo Rondinone presentations, Martine Syms, Alex Katz presentations and Jordan Wolfson in the gallery's published programme history

Locations: London (Kingly Street, Soho; Davies Street, Mayfair; and project spaces as published) — locations as listed on the house site, 2026

Art fairs: Frieze London and Art Basel editions, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: sadiecoles.com · Contact: Gallery contacts and enquiries via sadiecoles.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: Kingly Street, London W1, United Kingdom (Sadie Coles HQ, Soho — full address per location on the house site)

Founded by Sadie Coles in London in 1997, opening on Heddon Street with a programme built around the generation after the YBAs — Sarah Lucas above all — and a deliberately informal, artist-led exhibition style. The anti-mega-gallery major: founder-named, London-only in its standing spaces, and influential out of proportion to its footprint because of the closeness of its artist relationships. Notes: Programme names above are drawn from the gallery's exhibition history; representation status is as published per artist on the house site

12. VICTORIA MIRO — LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM

Founded 1985 · International major · United Kingdom and Italy

Ownership: Victoria Miro, founder-owner — privately owned; verified October 2026

Leadership: Victoria Miro, Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure; senior directors are published per location on the house site

Programme: Contemporary painting — a particular house strength — sculpture, photography and film, across senior and mid-career generations

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Yayoi Kusama, Grayson Perry, Chris Ofili, Chantal Joffe, Alice Neel presentations (historic programme), Isaac Julien, Stan Douglas (programme) and Flora Yukhnovich in the gallery's published artist list

Locations: London (Wharf Road, Islington); Venice (San Marco) — as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel and Frieze editions, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in (timed booking has applied to the largest Kusama presentations as published per exhibition). Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published — Kusama demand is a market fact, not a house policy, and is not dressed as one

Website: victoria-miro.com · Contact: Gallery contacts and enquiries via victoria-miro.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: 16 Wharf Road, London N1 7RW, United Kingdom (Victoria Miro, Islington)

Founded by Victoria Miro in Cork Street, London, in 1985; moved to Wharf Road, Islington, in 2000 into a converted furniture factory with a waterside garden, and added a Venice gallery in the San Marco district in 2017 (Victoria Miro Venice). The painter's gallery in a garden: Wharf Road's waterside setting and the gallery's forty-year loyalty to painters — Kusama, Perry, Ofili, Joffe — distinguish it from every London peer. Notes: Venice is a standing gallery, not a Biennale pop-up — listings that omit it are incomplete

13. SPRÜTH MAGERS — BERLIN, GERMANY

Founded 1983 · International major · Europe and United States

Ownership: Monika Sprüth and Philomene Magers, founders and owners — partnership; verified October 2026

Leadership: Monika Sprüth, Co-Founder; Philomene Magers, Co-Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure; the two founders are the gallery's named heads in all house materials

Programme: Photography (the Dusseldorf school and the Pictures Generation), conceptual art, feminist programmes from the 1980s onward, contemporary painting and film

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Cindy Sherman, Andreas Gursky, Thomas Demand, Barbara Kruger, Jenny Holzer, Rosemarie Trockel, Louise Lawler, John Baldessari (estate) and Hito Steyerl in the gallery's published programme

Locations: Berlin (Oranienburger Strasse); London (Berkeley Square area, Mayfair); Los Angeles — as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel and Frieze editions and Art Cologne, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: spruethmagers.com · Contact: Location contacts and enquiries via spruethmagers.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: Oranienburger Strasse 18, 10178 Berlin, Germany (Berlin gallery)

Monika Sprüth opened her Cologne gallery in 1983 — a founding platform for women artists and the Pictures Generation in Germany; Philomene Magers opened in Bonn (later Cologne) in 1990; the two merged in 1998 as Sprüth Magers, opening Berlin in 2008, London in 2007 (programme) and Los Angeles in 2016. Two women founders who merged rather than competed — and whose 1980s Cologne programme for Sherman, Kruger, Holzer and Lawler reads, forty years on, like a museum's permanent-collection list. Notes: Founding is dated 1983 (Sprüth, Cologne) with the merger in 1998 — both facts printed rather than a single smoothed date

14. XAVIER HUFKENS — BRUSSELS, BELGIUM

Founded 1987 · International major · Belgium and Worldwide

Ownership: Xavier Hufkens, founder-owner — privately owned; verified October 2026

Leadership: Xavier Hufkens, Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure

Programme: Contemporary and modern painting, sculpture and photography, with historic Belgian and international figures (Magritte presentations among them) alongside living artists

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Antony Gormley, Anish Kapoor (programme), Louise Bourgeois presentations (historic), Tracey Emin (programme), Nicolas Party, Sterling Ruby (programme) and Alice Neel presentations in the gallery's published history — representation status per the house artist pages

Locations: Brussels (rue Saint-Georges and Sablon-area spaces, Ixelles) — three Brussels galleries as published 2026; no foreign locations

Art fairs: Art Basel, Frieze and TEFAF editions, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: xavierhufkens.com · Contact: Gallery contacts and enquiries via xavierhufkens.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: Rue Saint-Georges 6–8, 1050 Brussels, Belgium (Xavier Hufkens, Ixelles)

Founded by Xavier Hufkens in Brussels in 1987, aged 22; built entirely from Brussels — three spaces in the Ixelles gallery district, the largest designed by Robbrecht en Daem (opened 2022) — without opening a foreign branch. The single-city major: proof, against the mega-gallery consensus, that a Brussels-only footprint with three serious rooms can hold a top-tier international roster. Notes: Programme names are printed with their status qualifier; the roster itself is as published per artist

15. ALMINE RECH — PARIS, FRANCE

Founded 1997 · International major · Europe, United States and Asia

Ownership: Almine Rech, founder-owner — privately owned; verified October 2026

Leadership: Almine Rech, Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure

Programme: Contemporary painting and sculpture, post-war European and American art, and artist foundations and estates

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Jeff Koons (programme), Richard Prince (programme), Tom Wesselmann (estate), Antoni Tàpies (estate presentations), Claire Tabouret, Chloe Wise and Nathaniel Mary Quinn presentations in the gallery's published programme — status per house artist pages

Locations: Paris (rue de Turenne, Marais, and avenue Matignon); Brussels; London; New York (Upper East Side); Shanghai; Gstaad (seasonal) — standing spaces as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel and Frieze editions, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: alminerech.com · Contact: Location contacts and enquiries via alminerech.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: 39 rue de Turenne, 75003 Paris, France (Almine Rech, Marais)

Founded by Almine Rech in Paris in 1997 (her first gallery venture, with Cyrille Putman, dates to 1989 in house biographies); the Matignon and Marais Paris spaces were followed by Brussels, London, New York, Shanghai, Gstaad and, in 2025, Monaco presentations in the gallery's expansion. A Paris gallery built on a historic-art inheritance — Rech is Pablo Picasso's step-granddaughter by family history as published — turned into a six-city contemporary programme without selling or renaming. Notes: Founding dated 1997 for the gallery under its own name; the 1989 first venture is stated in the history rather than used as the founding date

16. MASSIMO DE CARLO — MILAN, ITALY

Founded 1987 · International major · Italy, United Kingdom, France and Asia

Ownership: Massimo De Carlo, founder-owner — privately owned; verified October 2026

Leadership: Massimo De Carlo, Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure

Programme: Contemporary painting, sculpture and conceptual work, with historic Italian and international figures (Alighiero Boetti presentations among them)

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Maurizio Cattelan (historic programme — Cattelan's early career is a De Carlo story), Yan Pei-Ming, Carsten Höller (programme), Jamian Juliano-Villani, Josh Smith (programme) and Sanford Biggers presentations in the gallery's published history — status per house pages

Locations: Milan (Casa Corbellini-Wassermann, Viale Lombardia, and Belgioioso); London (South Audley Street, Mayfair); Hong Kong (Pedder Building); Paris — standing spaces as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel and Frieze editions and Artissima, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in (Pièce Unique is viewable from the street, by design). Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: massimodecarlo.com · Contact: Location contacts and enquiries via massimodecarlo.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: Viale Lombardia 17, 20131 Milan, Italy (Casa Corbellini-Wassermann)

Founded by Massimo De Carlo in Milan in 1987, opening with a John Armleder exhibition; Milan's Casa Corbellini-Wassermann space (2019) joined London (Mayfair, 2015), Hong Kong (2016), Paris (2024 programme) and Pièce Unique, the single-work Paris format the house pioneered in 2020. Italy's international gallery: the house that took Milan's programme to London, Hong Kong and Paris while inventing formats (Pièce Unique, VSpace) the rest of the trade then discussed. Notes: Paris standing-space status follows the house's current location listings; Pièce Unique began as a Paris format in 2020

17. LEHMANN MAUPIN — NEW YORK, UNITED STATES

Founded 1996 · International major · United States, Europe and Asia

Ownership: Rachel Lehmann and David Maupin, co-founders and partners — partnership; verified October 2026

Leadership: Rachel Lehmann, Co-Founder (Partner); David Maupin, Co-Founder (Partner). No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure; the co-founders are the gallery's named heads

Programme: Contemporary painting, sculpture, photography, film and installation, with historic strength in Korean, Chinese, South African and African-American programmes

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Do Ho Suh, Teresita Fernández, Kader Attia, Lee Bul, David Hammons presentations, Mickalene Thomas (programme), Lari Pittman and the estate of Suh Se-ok in the gallery's published artist list — status per house pages

Locations: New York (West 24th Street, Chelsea, and Chrystie Street); Hong Kong (Pedder Building); Seoul (Hannam-dong); London (South Kensington programme space) — standing spaces as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel and Frieze editions including Frieze Seoul, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: lehmannmaupin.com · Contact: Location contacts and enquiries via lehmannmaupin.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: 501 West 24th Street, New York, NY 10011, United States (Chelsea)

Founded in New York in 1996 by Rachel Lehmann and David Maupin (as Lehmann Maupin Gallery, SoHo); Chelsea followed, then Hong Kong (2013), Seoul (2016) and London (2020 programme), with a programme built early around Asian, African and diaspora artists in the American market. The bridge gallery of its generation: Lehmann Maupin was representing Do Ho Suh and Lee Bul to American museums years before the mega-galleries built Asian rosters. Notes: Seoul opened 2016 (expanded since); London's form has varied between standing space and programme — the entry prints the current house listing

18. KUKJE GALLERY — SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA

Founded 1982 · International major · South Korea and Worldwide

Ownership: Hyun-Sook Lee, founder — family ownership; no outside owner published; verified October 2026

Leadership: Hyun-Sook Lee, Founder and Chairwoman (titled founder/chair in house and press profiles). No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published in English-language sources checked — named gap; the founder-chair title is printed as published

Programme: Dansaekhwa and Korean post-war art, Korean contemporary painting and sculpture, and international contemporary programmes shown in Seoul

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Ha Chong-Hyun, Kwon Young-Woo (estate), Lee Ufan (programme), Park Seo-Bo (estate programme), Kim Yong-Ik, and international artists including Anish Kapoor, Louise Bourgeois presentations and Alexander Calder presentations in the gallery's published history — status per house pages

Locations: Seoul (Samcheong-dong, K1/K2/K3); Busan (F1963) — as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel, Frieze (including Frieze Seoul) and TEFAF editions, as published in the gallery's fair programme — Kukje is a fixture of the Basel fair's Galleries sector

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: kukjegallery.com · Contact: Gallery contacts and enquiries via kukjegallery.com (Korean and English) · Phone: Not published in English-language sources checked — see contact route · Headquarters: 54 Samcheong-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea (Kukje Gallery K1, Samcheong-dong)

Founded by Hyun-Sook Lee in Seoul in 1982 (as Kukje Gallery / International Gallery, Samcheong-dong); the Korean gallery that introduced Dansaekhwa to the international fair and museum circuit and built the K1, K2 and K3 spaces in Seoul's Samcheong gallery district, with a Busan space in the F1963 cultural complex (2018). Korea's founding international gallery: one family, one Seoul street, and the Dansaekhwa canon — the clearest case in this guide of a gallery creating a movement's world market. Notes: English-language leadership disclosure is limited to the founder-chair; the CEO gap is named rather than filled, on the auction guide's China-disclosure precedent

INDEPENDENT MAJORS — THE UNITED STATES AND BERLIN

19. DAVID KORDANSKY GALLERY — LOS ANGELES, UNITED STATES

Founded 2003 · Independent major · United States

Ownership: David Kordansky, founder-owner — privately owned; verified October 2026

Leadership: David Kordansky, Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure

Programme: Contemporary painting — a defining house strength — sculpture, photography and installation, centred on Los Angeles artists and an international roster of the same generations

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Jonas Wood, Shio Kusaka, Mary Weatherford (programme history), Jennifer Guidi (programme history), Sam Gilliam (estate, joined 2021 programme), Rashid Johnson (programme history), Joel Mesler and Lauren Halsey presentations in the gallery's published programme — status per house pages

Locations: Los Angeles (Edgewater Drive, Mid-City); New York (West 20th Street, Chelsea) — as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel and Frieze editions, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: davidkordansky.com · Contact: Location contacts and enquiries via davidkordansky.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: 5130 W. Edgewater Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90019, United States

Founded by David Kordansky in Los Angeles in 2003 (first in Chinatown, then Culver City, then the Mid-City Arts District campus on Edgewater Drive, expanded 2020); New York opened in Chelsea in 2022. The Los Angeles painter's gallery that became a New York gallery without becoming a mega-gallery — the independent-major proof of the last decade. Notes: Programme-history names are flagged as such where representation has been shared or has moved in the market's usual way; current status is per the house artist pages

20. KARMA — NEW YORK, UNITED STATES

Founded 2011 · Independent major · United States

Ownership: Brendan Dugan, founder-owner — privately owned; verified October 2026

Leadership: Brendan Dugan, Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure

Programme: Contemporary painting above all; sculpture, works on paper and artist books

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Gerasimos Floratos, Reggie Burrows Hodges (programme), Peter Doig presentations, Jonas Wood (shared programme history), Andrew Cranston, Ouattara Watts and the estate programmes listed on the house artist pages — status per house pages

Locations: New York (East 2nd Street; Great Jones Street); Los Angeles (South Santa Fe Avenue, Arts District) — as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel Miami Beach, Independent and other fairs as published in the gallery's fair programme — Karma's fair posture is selective by design and is printed in those words

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in; books and editions are open retail. Primary purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: karmakarma.org · Contact: Gallery contacts and enquiries via karmakarma.org · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: 22 East 2nd Street, New York, NY 10009, United States (Karma, East Village)

Founded by Brendan Dugan in New York's East Village in 2011 — a bookshop-gallery that grew, through publishing and a painter-led programme, into a multi-space independent major with galleries on East 2nd Street and Great Jones Street, a Los Angeles space (opened 2023) and Karma Bookstore. The bookshop that became a major: Karma's publishing-first, painter-first model is the most cited independent alternative to the mega-gallery system in current American art. Notes: Included as the task's 'comparable US independent major' alongside its named peers — the case is the publishing programme and the Los Angeles expansion, both published house facts

21. BLUM — LOS ANGELES / NEW YORK, UNITED STATES

Founded 1994 · Independent major · United States and Japan (in transition, 2025–26)

Ownership: Tim Blum, founder-owner (sole, from 2023) — in transition from July 2025, see Notes; verified October 2026

Leadership: Tim Blum, Founder; Matt Bangser, Managing Partner (promoted 2023, house announcement). No Chief Executive Officer title is published. From July 2025 the founder announced he would step away from the traditional gallery model — the leadership field is printed with that dated fact attached

Programme: Japanese and Korean post-war art (Gutai, Mono-ha, Superflat) as the historic core; American and international contemporary painting and sculpture

Artists: A formal roster was maintained to 2025 and, on the founder's July 2025 statement, is discontinued in the new model — the entry prints that statement rather than a roster total. Historic marquee names: Yoshitomo Nara, Takashi Murakami, Lee Ufan, Mark Grotjahn and Anna Weyant (early solo presentations), as established in house history

Locations: Los Angeles and Tokyo permanent spaces closed after their summer 2025 exhibitions (closing dates August 16 and August 2, 2025 respectively, Artsy/The Art Newspaper); the use of the Tribeca space was undetermined at announcement. Current permanent public locations, October 2026: none published — stated plainly

Art fairs: Art Basel editions to 2025 (the founder cited the June 2025 Art Basel experience in his announcement); fair posture under the new model: not published

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published; the operative scale fact for 2026 is the closure of the physical spaces, printed above

Access: As announced July 2025: engagement through collaborations and special projects as they are published; there is no walk-in gallery programme to describe, and this entry does not invent one

Website: blum-gallery.com · Contact: Enquiry route via blum-gallery.com as published · Phone: Not published on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: No permanent public headquarters address published following the 2025 closures — named gap by the house's own transition; the Tribeca address of record was 9 White Street, New York

Founded as Blum & Poe in Santa Monica in 1994 by Tim Blum and Jeff Poe — the gallery that introduced Yoshitomo Nara (first US solo, 1995) and Takashi Murakami to American audiences and surveyed Mono-ha for the United States (2012). Jeff Poe departed in 2023 and the gallery was renamed BLUM, opening in Tribeca (9 White Street) in 2024 for its 30th anniversary. The only entry in this guide caught mid-transformation: a top-tier thirty-year gallery publicly sunsetting the gallery model itself, in its founder's words 'not about the market — about the system'. Notes: HEADLINE CHANGE: Poe departure and rename to BLUM (2023); Tribeca opening (2024); July 2025 announcement (The Art Newspaper, July 2, 2025; ARTnews) closing Los Angeles and Tokyo and ending the formal roster. Any source describing BLUM as a three-city gallery is superseded. The gallery is retained in the guide because the task names it and because its transition is itself a primary-market fact of 2025–26

22. PAULA COOPER GALLERY — NEW YORK, UNITED STATES

Founded 1968 · Independent major · United States

Ownership: Paula Cooper, founder-owner — privately owned; verified October 2026

Leadership: Paula Cooper, Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure; senior directors are published on the house site

Programme: Conceptual art, Minimalism and post-Minimalism and their contemporary successors; sculpture, photography, drawing and installation

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Carl Andre, Dan Flavin (estate presentations), Sol LeWitt (estate), Donald Judd presentations, Sherrie Levine, Sophie Calle (programme), Walid Raad, Carey Young and Tauba Auerbach presentations in the gallery's published history — status per house pages

Locations: New York (West 21st Street, Chelsea, and West 26th Street space) — as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel and Frieze editions and ADAA Art Show, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: paulacoopergallery.com · Contact: Gallery contacts and enquiries via paulacoopergallery.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: 534 West 21st Street, New York, NY 10011, United States (Chelsea)

Founded by Paula Cooper in 1968 — the first art gallery in SoHo (96 Prince Street), opened with a benefit exhibition for the Student Mobilization Committee; moved to Wooster Street and, in 1999, to Chelsea, where the gallery remains a byword for conceptual and minimalist programmes. 1968 and still founder-led: Paula Cooper invented the SoHo gallery era and outlasted it, the senior independent in American art. Notes: The 1968 founding — as the first SoHo gallery — is the house's own published history and is printed as such

23. MATTHEW MARKS GALLERY — NEW YORK, UNITED STATES

Founded 1991 · Independent major · United States

Ownership: Matthew Marks, founder-owner — privately owned; verified October 2026

Leadership: Matthew Marks, Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure

Programme: Contemporary and modern painting, sculpture, photography and drawing, with senior figures (Ellsworth Kelly and Jasper Johns in the gallery's historic programme) alongside mid-career artists

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Ellsworth Kelly (programme to his death), Jasper Johns (programme), Brice Marden (estate programme), Katharina Fritsch, Gary Hume, Leidy Churchman and Simone Leigh presentations in the gallery's published history — status per house pages

Locations: New York (West 22nd and West 24th Streets, Chelsea, and Madison Avenue presentations); Los Angeles (North Orange Grove Avenue) — as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel and Frieze editions and TEFAF New York, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: matthewmarks.com · Contact: Location contacts and enquiries via matthewmarks.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: 523 West 24th Street, New York, NY 10011, United States (Chelsea)

Founded by Matthew Marks in New York in 1991 (Madison Avenue, with a Brice Marden exhibition); Chelsea spaces followed and Los Angeles opened in 2012 (North Orange Grove, designed with Peter Marino). The connoisseur's independent: Marks built a top-tier gallery on senior-artist relationships and books, without estates empire or luxury adjacencies. Notes: Historic-programme names are flagged as programme history; current representation is per the house artist pages

24. REGEN PROJECTS — LOS ANGELES, UNITED STATES

Founded 1989 · Independent major · United States

Ownership: Shaun Caley Regen, founder-owner — privately owned; verified October 2026

Leadership: Shaun Caley Regen, Founder (President in house materials where a second title is published). No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure

Programme: Contemporary art across media with Los Angeles at its centre — painting, photography, sculpture and installation from the Pictures and post-studio generations onward

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Matthew Barney (programme history), Doug Aitken, Catherine Opie, Marilyn Minter, Glenn Ligon (programme), Anish Kapoor presentations and Kader Attia in the gallery's published programme — status per house pages

Locations: Los Angeles (Santa Monica Boulevard, Hollywood) — single standing gallery, as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel and Frieze Los Angeles editions, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: regenprojects.com · Contact: Gallery contacts and enquiries via regenprojects.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: 6750 Santa Monica Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90038, United States

Founded by Shaun Caley Regen in Los Angeles in 1989 (as Regen Projects, first on Almont Drive); the gallery of the Los Angeles 1990s generation, now in a purpose-built Hollywood space on Santa Monica Boulevard (opened 2012, Michael Maltzan). One city, one building, thirty-five years: Regen is the standing refutation of the expansion imperative in the Los Angeles market. Notes: Single-location footprint is a house fact, not an omission

25. GREENE NAFTALI — NEW YORK, UNITED STATES

Founded 1995 · Independent major · United States

Ownership: Carol Greene, founder-owner — privately owned; verified October 2026

Leadership: Carol Greene, Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure

Programme: Contemporary painting, sculpture, film and photography with a conceptual spine; European and American artists of the same critical generations

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Rachel Harrison, Paulina Olowska, Michael Krebber (estate programme), Allen Ruppersberg presentations, Gedi Sibony (programme) and Sophie von Hellermann in the gallery's published programme — status per house pages

Locations: New York (West 26th Street, Chelsea, ground and upper floors) — as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel and Frieze editions and Independent, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: greenenaftali.com · Contact: Gallery contacts and enquiries via greenenaftali.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: 508 West 26th Street, New York, NY 10001, United States (Chelsea)

Founded in New York in 1995 by Carol Greene (with Jeffrey Naftali in the gallery's early form and name); a Chelsea gallery known for intellectually exacting programmes — painting, film and conceptual work — and for early commitment to artists such as Rachel Harrison and Paulina Olowska. The critics' gallery: three decades of programmes that museums later ratified, run at independent scale under its founder's name and eye. Notes: The Naftali of the name is historical (the founding partnership) — the gallery is Greene-led in current house materials, and the entry says so rather than presenting a two-person leadership

26. TANYA BONAKDAR GALLERY — NEW YORK, UNITED STATES

Founded 1994 · Independent major · United States

Ownership: Tanya Bonakdar, founder-owner — privately owned; verified October 2026

Leadership: Tanya Bonakdar, Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure

Programme: Contemporary sculpture, installation, photography, film and light art; international artists across generations, with Olafur Eliasson the defining long relationship

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Olafur Eliasson, Tomás Saraceno, Susan Philipsz, Uta Barth, Ernesto Neto (programme), Sarah Sze (programme history) and Sandra Cinto in the gallery's published programme — status per house pages

Locations: New York (West 21st Street, Chelsea); Los Angeles (Almont Drive) — as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel and Frieze editions, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases and commissions by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: tanyabonakdargallery.com · Contact: Location contacts and enquiries via tanyabonakdargallery.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: 521 West 21st Street, New York, NY 10011, United States (Chelsea)

Founded by Tanya Bonakdar in New York in 1994 (as Bonakdar Jancou Gallery, SoHo); moved to Chelsea in 1998 and opened Los Angeles in 2018 (Almont Drive) — a gallery identified with conceptually rigorous international programmes and with Scandinavian and light-based art in America. The project gallery: Bonakdar's artists build waterfalls, suns and studio-scale experiments with museums — and the gallery's work is making those projects possible, a model distinct from object-led dealing. Notes: Founding name (Bonakdar Jancou) is stated in the history; the current name dates to the early 2000s in house materials

27. ESTHER SCHIPPER — BERLIN, GERMANY

Founded 1989 · Independent major · Germany and Europe

Ownership: Esther Schipper, founder-owner — privately owned; verified October 2026

Leadership: Esther Schipper, Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure

Programme: Conceptual art, film, sound, photography and installation; the Berlin generations from the 1990s to the present

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Philippe Parreno (programme history), Pierre Huyghe (programme history), Angela Bulloch, Dominique Gonzalez-Foerster, Liam Gillick (programme) and Anri Sala presentations in the gallery's published history — status per house pages

Locations: Berlin (Potsdamer Strasse) — standing gallery as published 2026; Paris and Seoul programme presentations as published per season

Art fairs: Art Basel and Frieze editions and Art Cologne, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: estherschipper.com · Contact: Gallery contacts and enquiries via estherschipper.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: Potsdamer Strasse 81E, 10785 Berlin, Germany

Founded by Esther Schipper in Brussels in 1989; moved to Berlin in 1995 and became a defining gallery of Berlin's post-reunification art — conceptual, film, sound and installation programmes — now in Potsdamer Strasse spaces with a Seoul programme presence in recent seasons. Berlin's conceptual flagship: Schipper showed the French post-conceptual generation in Germany before the museums did, and kept the gallery independent and single-city while doing it. Notes: Historic-programme names (Parreno, Huyghe) are flagged as programme history — both artists' representation has been shared and has evolved in the usual market way

WORLDWIDE — LATIN AMERICA, THE MIDDLE EAST AND ASIA

28. MENDES WOOD DM — SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL

Founded 2010 · International major · Brazil, Europe and United States

Ownership: Felipe Dmab, Matthew Wood and Pedro Mendes, founders and partners — partnership; verified October 2026

Leadership: Felipe Dmab, Co-Founder (Partner); Matthew Wood, Co-Founder (Partner); Pedro Mendes, Co-Founder (Partner). No Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure

Programme: Brazilian contemporary painting, sculpture and conceptual work, in dialogue with international artists of the same generations; historic Brazilian figures in the programme's presentations

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Lucas Arruda, Marina Perez Simão, Sonia Gomes (programme), Adriano Costa, Paulo Nazareth and Matthew Lutz-Kinoy presentations in the gallery's published programme — status per house pages

Locations: São Paulo (Jardins, Rua da Consolação area); Brussels (Sablon); New York (Tribeca, Walker Street programme) — standing spaces as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel, Frieze and SP-Arte editions, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: mendeswooddm.com · Contact: Location contacts and enquiries via mendeswooddm.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: Rua da Consolação, Jardins, São Paulo, Brazil (São Paulo gallery — full address per location on the house site)

Founded in São Paulo in 2010 by Felipe Dmab, Matthew Wood and Pedro Mendes; the Brazilian gallery that built an international fair and museum circuit for Brazilian contemporary art, adding Brussels (2017) and New York (Tribeca, 2022 programme) and a Paris presence in recent seasons. Latin America's clearest mega-gallery trajectory from an emerging-market base: São Paulo to Brussels to New York in twelve years, on a painter-and-sculptor roster the older capitals now compete for. Notes: The Latin American major the task required, verified to the same standard: three founders, three standing cities, SP-Arte-to-Basel fair posture — all published house facts

29. KURIMANZUTTO — MEXICO CITY, MEXICO

Founded 1999 · International major · Mexico and United States

Ownership: Mónica Manzutto and José Kuri, co-founders — partnership; verified October 2026

Leadership: Mónica Manzutto, Co-Founder; José Kuri, Co-Founder. No Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure

Programme: Mexican and international contemporary art across media — conceptual, installation, painting, film and photography — centred on the generation that made Mexico City a global art capital

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Gabriel Orozco (founding-circle artist), Damián Ortega, Abraham Cruzvillegas, Rirkrit Tiravanija (programme), Miguel Calderón and the estate presentations listed on the house artist pages — status per house pages

Locations: Mexico City (Gob. Rafael Rebollar, San Miguel Chapultepec); New York (West 20th Street, Chelsea) — as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel, Frieze and Zona Maco editions, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: kurimanzutto.com · Contact: Location contacts and enquiries via kurimanzutto.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: Gob. Rafael Rebollar 94, San Miguel Chapultepec, 11850 Mexico City, Mexico

Founded in Mexico City in 1999 by Mónica Manzutto and José Kuri — famously beginning without a fixed space, with a market-day exhibition — and housed since 2008 in a converted timber yard in San Miguel Chapultepec (Alberto Kalach); New York opened in 2018 (Chelsea). The gallery that started in a market stall's spirit — no space, one day, thirteen artists — and became Mexico City's window on the world without losing the artist-run ethos of its founding circle. Notes: Founding without a fixed space (1999–2008 nomadic period) is the house's own published history and is printed as such

30. GALERIA NARA ROESLER — SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL

Founded 1989 · International major · Brazil and United States

Ownership: Nara Roesler, founder-owner, with the family's second generation in the business in house materials — privately owned; verified October 2026

Leadership: Nara Roesler, Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published in English-language sources checked — named gap by structure

Programme: Brazilian modern and contemporary art — painting, sculpture, photography and conceptual work from Lygia Clark's generation to the present

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Abraham Palatnik (estate), Tomie Ohtake (estate presentations), Vik Muniz (programme), Laura Vinci, Cristina Canale and Xavier Veilhan presentations in the gallery's published programme — status per house pages

Locations: São Paulo (Avenida Europa, Jardins); Rio de Janeiro (Ipanema); New York (West 21st Street, Chelsea) — as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel, Frieze and SP-Arte editions, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: nararoesler.art · Contact: Location contacts and enquiries via nararoesler.art · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: Avenida Europa 655, Jardins, São Paulo, Brazil

Founded by Nara Roesler in Rio de Janeiro in 1989; São Paulo followed (2012, Jardins), and New York in 2015 (Chelsea) — a gallery spanning Brazilian historic modernism (Lygia Clark and Hélio Oiticica presentations) and the contemporary programme, with the Roesler Hotel cultural project in its history. Brazil's bridge between its modernist giants and its contemporary market — one family gallery holding both ends of the national story, with a New York room to tell it in. Notes: Headquarters city is printed as São Paulo (the gallery's principal space); the Rio founding is stated in the history

31. THE THIRD LINE — DUBAI, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

Founded 2005 · International major · Middle East and Worldwide

Ownership: Sunny Rahbar and Claudia Cellini, co-founders — partnership; verified October 2026

Leadership: Sunny Rahbar, Co-Founder (Director in house materials); Claudia Cellini, Co-Founder. No Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure

Programme: Contemporary art from the Middle East, North Africa, South Asia and their diasporas — photography, painting, sculpture, installation and film

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Hassan Hajjaj, Hayv Kahraman, Farhad Moshiri (programme), Laleh Khorramian, Monir Shahroudy Farmanfarmaian presentations (historic programme) and Sophia Al Maria presentations in the gallery's published history — status per house pages

Locations: Dubai (Warehouse 80, Alserkal Avenue, Al Quoz) — single standing gallery, as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Dubai (a founding exhibitor relationship), Art Basel and Frieze editions, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: thethirdline.com · Contact: Gallery contacts and enquiries via thethirdline.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: Warehouse 80, Alserkal Avenue, Al Quoz, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

Founded in Dubai in 2005 by Sunny Rahbar and Claudia Cellini (with Omar Ghobash a founding patron in the gallery's early history as published); a founding gallery of Alserkal Avenue's Warehouse 80 (moved 2016) and the Middle East's best-known gallery for art from the region and its diasporas. The Middle East major the task required, verified to standard: the gallery that defined Dubai's Alserkal Avenue era and carried the region's artists to Basel and Frieze when few Gulf galleries travelled. Notes: Single-city footprint is a house fact; the gallery's influence measure is its fair and museum record, printed above

32. GALLERIA CONTINUA — SAN GIMIGNANO, ITALY

Founded 1990 · International major · Italy, China, France, Brazil and Cuba

Ownership: Mario Cristiani, Lorenzo Fiaschi and Maurizio Rigillo, co-founders — partnership; verified October 2026

Leadership: Mario Cristiani, Co-Founder; Lorenzo Fiaschi, Co-Founder; Maurizio Rigillo, Co-Founder. No Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure

Programme: Contemporary sculpture and installation at monumental scale, Arte Povera and its successors, and Chinese, Cuban and Brazilian contemporary programmes

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Michelangelo Pistoletto, Anish Kapoor (programme), Ai Weiwei presentations, Daniel Buren (programme), Leandro Erlich, Antony Gormley presentations and Carlos Garaicoa in the gallery's published programme — status per house pages

Locations: San Gimignano; Beijing (798 Art District); Les Moulins (Boissy-le-Châtel, France); Havana; Rome; São Paulo; Paris (Marais) — as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel, Frieze and Artissima editions, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Seven spaces (house listings, 2026). Staff and revenue: not published

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: galleriacontinua.com · Contact: Location contacts and enquiries via galleriacontinua.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: Via del Castello 11, 53037 San Gimignano (Siena), Italy

Founded in San Gimignano, Tuscany, in 1990 by Mario Cristiani, Lorenzo Fiaschi and Maurizio Rigillo; the Italian gallery that opened in Beijing's 798 district in 2005 — among the first Western galleries in China — then Les Moulins outside Paris (2007), Havana (2015), Rome (2020 programme), São Paulo (2020) and Paris (2021). No other gallery in this guide is headquartered in a medieval Tuscan hill town and present in Beijing, Havana and São Paulo: Continua's geography is its argument about where contemporary art happens. Notes: Location count follows the house's current listings; Havana's programme form has varied with conditions and is printed as a standing location per the house site

33. TAKA ISHII GALLERY — TOKYO, JAPAN

Founded 1994 · International major · Japan and Worldwide

Ownership: Takayuki Ishii, founder-owner — privately owned; verified October 2026

Leadership: Takayuki Ishii, Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure

Programme: Japanese post-war and contemporary art; photography as a house specialism; painting, sculpture and installation

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Nobuyoshi Araki, Daido Moriyama, Hiroshi Sugimoto presentations, Yayoi Kusama presentations (historic programme), Tomoo Gokita and Sterling Ruby presentations in the gallery's published history — status per house pages

Locations: Tokyo (Roppongi, Minato-ku; and Maebashi, Gunma programme space) — standing spaces as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel Hong Kong, Frieze and Paris Photo editions, as published in the gallery's fair programme

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: takaishiigallery.com · Contact: Gallery contacts and enquiries via takaishiigallery.com · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan (Taka Ishii Gallery, Roppongi — full address per location on the house site)

Founded by Takayuki Ishii in Tokyo in 1994; the Japanese gallery of post-war and contemporary Japanese art — Gutai, photography (Araki, Moriyama) and the current generations — with spaces in Roppongi and Maebashi (2023 programme) and a Hong Kong space in its history. Tokyo's senior international gallery: thirty years of carrying Japanese photography and post-war art to the Basel circuit from a single-city base. Notes: Hong Kong (opened 2013 in the gallery's expansion) is treated as historical pending a current house listing; the standing footprint printed is Tokyo/Maebashi per the house site

34. SHANGHART GALLERY — SHANGHAI, CHINA

Founded 1996 · International major · China and Singapore

Ownership: Lorenz Helbling, founder-owner — privately owned; verified October 2026

Leadership: Lorenz Helbling, Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure

Programme: Chinese contemporary art across all media — painting, installation, video and photography — from the 1990s avant-garde generation to the present

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Zeng Fanzhi (programme history), Ding Yi, Zhang Enli, Yang Fudong, Xu Zhen and Zhou Tiehai in the gallery's published programme — status per house pages

Locations: Shanghai (M50, Putuo District, and West Bund); Singapore (Gillman Barracks); Beijing programme presentations — standing spaces as published 2026: Shanghai and Singapore

Art fairs: Art Basel (Basel and Hong Kong) and West Bund Art & Design editions, as published in the gallery's fair programme — ShanghART is a long-standing Basel exhibitor

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: shanghartgallery.com · Contact: Location contacts and enquiries via shanghartgallery.com · Phone: Not published in English-language sources checked — see contact route · Headquarters: M50 Creative Park, Moganshan Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, China (ShanghART, M50)

Founded in Shanghai in 1996 by the Swiss gallerist Lorenz Helbling — beginning in the Portman Ritz-Carlton corridor — and a founding gallery of the M50 art district and of China's contemporary gallery system; West Bund and Singapore (Gillman Barracks, 2013) spaces followed. The foreign-founded gallery that became a Chinese institution: Helbling's 1996 Shanghai start predates almost every structure of the market it now serves. Notes: English-language corporate disclosure is limited on the auction guide's China precedent; leadership is printed at founder level only

35. GALERIA LUISA STRINA — SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL

Founded 1974 · International major · Brazil and Worldwide

Ownership: Luisa Strina, founder-owner — privately owned; verified October 2026

Leadership: Luisa Strina, Founder. No separate Chief Executive Officer title is published — named gap by structure

Programme: Brazilian conceptual and contemporary art; international conceptual work shown in São Paulo

Artists: Roster published artist by artist; a single total is not published — total: not published as one figure. Marquee names include Cildo Meireles, Tunga (estate), Anna Maria Maiolino, Lygia Pape presentations (historic), Fernanda Gomes and Alexandre da Cunha in the gallery's published programme — status per house pages

Locations: São Paulo (Jardins, Rua Padre João Manuel) — single standing gallery, as published 2026

Art fairs: Art Basel and SP-Arte editions, as published in the gallery's fair programme — Strina was among the first Latin American galleries admitted to Art Basel

Scale: Not published — no staff or revenue figure is published in sources checked

Access: Exhibitions free and open to the public, walk-in. Purchases by enquiry; no waiting-list policy is published

Website: galerialuisastrina.com.br · Contact: Gallery contacts and enquiries via galerialuisastrina.com.br · Phone: Not published as a single headquarters line on the house site checked — see contact route · Headquarters: Rua Padre João Manuel 755, Jardins, São Paulo, Brazil

Founded by Luisa Strina in São Paulo in 1974 — Brazil's oldest contemporary art gallery — the house that represented Cildo Meireles, Tunga and the Brazilian conceptual generation to the world and introduced international conceptual art to Brazil. The dean of Latin American galleries: founded 1974, still founder-led, and still the São Paulo address where Brazilian conceptual art's history is kept. Notes: The oldest founding date in the guide after Lisson (1967) and Paula Cooper (1968) — the chronology is printed in the README counts

NAMED GAPS

Thirty-two of the 35 galleries in this guide publish no chief executive title, and each entry says so rather than borrowing one. BLUM, following its founder's July 2025 announcement, has no permanent public space and no formal roster to describe, and its entry describes the transition instead. Gladstone Gallery's post-2024 operating titles are not published in full. Where a gallery publishes no artist total, no staff figure and no revenue — which is most of them — the entry reads "not published." The full method, counts and gap list are in the README that accompanies the master CSV of this guide.

Original reporting and writing for LIKE^® Magazine. Gallery figures are the galleries' own, labelled and dated in each entry.